Trap: Policy Resistance Source: bounded rationality, goal of sub-systems different from each other -- "when various actors try to pull a system stock toward various goals" Ways out - *Overpower* the resistance - cost: monumental resentment and the possibility of explosive consequences if the power is ever let up - *Let go* & *Align* - Let go - You won’t get your way with the system, but it won’t go as far in a bad direction as you think, because much of the action you were trying to correct was in response to your own action. - If you calm down, those who are pulling against you will calm down too. - Harmonizaiton & Alignment - The most effective way of dealing with policy resistance is to find a way of aligning the various goals of the subsystems, usually by providing an overarching goal that allows all actors to break out of their bounded rationality. If everyone can work harmoniously toward the same outcome (if all feedback loops are serving the same goal), the results can be amazing. Ideal solution: Let go. Bring in all the actors and use the energy formerly expended on resistance to seek out mutually satisfactory ways for all goals to be realized—or redefinitions of larger and more important goals that everyone can pull toward together. [[很多时候全面性禁止反而适得其反]]