Reminders: - ATQ -- exact words, keep linking at to it (representing xxx) - Compare & Contrast whenever possible (similarly, like, also) - How (techniques) & To What Effect (Authorial Intent, in TS) - Convincing & detailed evidence (quotes, listing, for example) Power verbs - authorial intent - seeks to - aims to - intends to - hopes to - compare - similarly - likewise - in a similar manner - comtrast - in contrast - on the other hand - whereas - while ## Slaughterhouse 5 technique - repetition of "so it goes" - the banality of death in wartime - Vonnegut’s way of mocking how people normalize violence - non-linear narrative structure, fragmented narrative - reflect the mental disorientation of trauma, harmful consequence of war - meta-fiction, self-intersion - makes the reader constantly aware that this is not just fiction — it’s based on Vonnegut’s real experiences during WWII Quotes - "there is nothing intelligent to say about a massacre" - "All this happened, more or less." - "That was I. That was me. That was the author of this book." - "Everything was beautiful and nothing hurt." - "unstuck in time" - "bug trapped in amber" - "Among the things Billy Pilgrim could not change were the past, the present, and the future." -- fatalism - "They were all machines." -- how war strips individuals of agency and turns them into instruments of violence authorial intent - to reveal the the meaninglessness, absurdity and destructiveness of war, the senselessness of violence - to challenge the dominant narrative & critique the romanticization, glorification, and rationalization of war ## WAPZ technique - repetition of violence - First-Person Monologue / Framed Narrative - This structure gives power and agency to Firdaus, allowing her to control her story, even in a society that constantly silences her. - It also challenges the reader’s assumptions by forcing them to hear a condemned woman’s inner world, directly and unfiltered. - symbolism of the certificate - seeking validation from a soceity - worthless in a society that refuses to recognize women’s intelligence unless it’s in service of men - transformative shift in self-worth - saying no - "A prostitute always says yes, and then names her price. If she says no she ceases to be a prostitute. I was not a prostitute in the full sense of the word, so from time to time I said no. As a result my price kept going up." authorial intent - to expose the brutal reality of women’s lives - to critiques the systemic & normalized violence and oppresion against women in a patriarchical society quotes - “I hope for nothing / I want for nothing / I fear nothing / I am free.” evidence - the cycle of oppression - Her father beats her. - Sheik Mamoud abuses her - Bayoumi rapes and dehumanizes her. - Her pimp takes her money. - resistance through death - At the end of the novel, Firdaus is offered a chance to appeal her death sentence — yet she **refuses to beg**, and actively chooses execution. For her, death is **not defeat**, but the **only moment in her life when she is truly free**. - “I prefer to die rather than live without self-respect.”